The Portrait's Subject

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216 pp., 6.125 x 9.25, 29 halftones, notes, bibl., index

Paperback ISBN: 978-1-4696-5259-7
Published: December 2019
Hardcover ISBN: 978-1-4696-5258-0
Published: December 2019
E-book EPUB ISBN: 978-1-4696-5260-3
Published: October 2019
E-book PDF ISBN: 979-8-8908-5146-8
Published: October 2019

Studies in United States Culture

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Between the invention of photography in 1839 and the end of the nineteenth century, portraiture became one of the most popular and common art forms in the United States. In The Portrait's Subject, Sarah Blackwood tells a wide-ranging story about how images of human surfaces came to signal expressions of human depth during this era in paintings, photographs, and illustrations, as well as in literary and cultural representations of portrait making and viewing. Combining visual theory, literary close reading, and archival research, Blackwood examines portraiture's changing symbolic and aesthetic practices, from daguerreotype to X-ray. Portraiture, the book argues, was a provocative art form used by writers, artists, and early psychologists to imagine selfhood as hidden, deep, and in need of revelation, ideas that were then taken up by the developing discipline of psychology.

The Portrait’s Subject reveals the underappreciated connections between portraiture's representations of the material human body and developing modern ideas about the human mind. It encouraged figures like Frederick Douglass, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Thomas Eakins, Harriet Jacobs, and Henry James to reimagine how we might see inner life, offering a rich array of metaphors and aesthetic approaches that helped reconfigure the relationship between body and mind, exterior and interior. In the end, Blackwood shows how nineteenth-century psychological discourse developed as much through aesthetic fabulation as through scientific experimentation.

About the Author

Sarah Blackwood is associate professor of English at Pace University.
For more information about Sarah Blackwood, visit the Author Page.

Reviews

"With its rich archive and conceptual rigor, The Portrait's Subject contributes to a vital body of Americanist scholarship . . . examining the visual practices that constellated around bodily difference. . . . Radiant and revelatory."—New England Quarterly

"Energetic prose. . . . A perceptive account of the intermingling of science and cultural expression in the nineteenth century." – Henry James Review

“Well written and powerfully argued. . . . [The Portrait’s Subject] encourages a rethinking of portraiture as a dynamic and active method rather than passive media through which to view content.”—American Literary History

"This is a theoretical book about a subject that is rarely theorized—portraiture. . . . She looks at how portraits became literary symbols in work by authors such as Nathaniel Hawthorne and Henry James. Identity politics also interests Blackwood, and she explores the meaning of portraiture for African Americans and women."—CHOICE

"A fascinating and original study. Blackwood reconceives nineteenth-century portraiture as a method, not a genre, and specifically as a method through which understandings of self come into focus."—Shawn Michelle Smith, School of the Art Institute of Chicago

"This compelling and beautifully written work demonstrates the interdependence of technology, aesthetics, and conceptual subject formation and its legacy for the contemporary moment."—Priscilla Wald, Duke University