The Second American Revolution

“With graceful and forceful prose, Downs links the mid-nineteenth-century history of the United States to that of the broader Atlantic world—in particular, to Cuba and Mexico in their struggles against European powers to end slavery and establish anti-imperialist democracies.”—Foreign Affairs

“[A] thought-provoking . . . compelling. . . . Innovative book that contains a clear, original argument about defining the Civil War as a revolutionary event. Furthermore, it is an expansive monograph that contains new insights about the transnational nature of the Civil War and Reconstruction. Downs’s work will undoubtedly spark stimulating debates and important conversations in the years to come about the meaning of one of the most significant and transformative periods in US history.”—H-Net Reviews

“A stunning reimagining of the role of the United States and Cuba in the nineteenth century Atlantic World. [Downs] fearlessly upends much of the traditional historiography and weaves together a complex tapestry that illuminates much and presents bold new challenges for historians of the era and region to contemplate.”—H-Atlantic

“Downs adds to our understanding of the international dimensions of the Civil War Era through a noteworthy focus on Cuba and Spain . . . an intriguing and compelling work that pushes our understanding of the Civil War Era in new directions.”—Arkansas Historical Quarterly

“A bold and refreshing interpretation of the Civil War that challenges scholars to bring the singular story out of its narrow, hyperspecialized confines of national history, reframing it into a watershed moment shaped by hemispheric and global forces that remade the nineteenth-century Atlantic world.” — Matt D. Childs, author of The 1812 Aponte Rebellion in Cuba and the Struggle against Atlantic Slavery

“With beautiful, elegant prose, Downs takes the old topic of the revolutionary quality of the Civil War and moves it forward in unexpected and exciting ways by putting it in conversation with the revolutionary nature of the Atlantic in the same period. This is a truly pioneering and innovative book.” — Michael Vorenberg, author of Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment

“A marvel of interpretation and innovation, this book should open a whole new wing of Civil War history. After reading it, I am more convinced than ever of the necessity of connecting the U.S. Civil War to more of the globe and more of the nineteenth century. Downs’s arguments challenge existing ways of framing and understanding the conflict. I look forward to the conversation this book is sure to inspire.” — Aaron Sheehan-Dean, author of The Calculus of Violence: How Americans Fought the Civil War