Surgery and Salvation
The Roots of Reproductive Injustice in Mexico, 1770–1940
By Elizabeth O'Brien
336 pp., 6.125 x 9.25, 4 tables
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Paperback ISBN: 978-1-4696-7587-9
Published: November 2023 -
Hardcover ISBN: 978-1-4696-7586-2
Published: November 2023
Studies in Social Medicine
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O'Brien illustrates how ideas about maternal worth and unborn life developed in tandem. Eighteenth-century priests sought to save unborn souls through cesarean section, while nineteenth-century doctors aimed to salvage some unmarried women's social reputations via therapeutic abortion. By the twentieth century, eugenicists wished to regenerate the nation's racial profile, in part by sterilizing women in public clinics. The belief that medical interventions could redeem women, children, and the nation is what O’Brien refers to as "salvation though surgery." As operations acquired racial and religious significances, Indigenous, Afro-Mexican, and mixed-race people's bodies became sites for surgical experimentation. Even during periods of Church-state conflict, O'Brien argues, the religious valences of experimental surgery manifested in embodied expressions of racialized, and often-coercive, medical science.
About the Author
Elizabeth O’Brien is assistant professor of history at the University of California, Los Angeles.
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Reviews
"A stunning contribution to the history of gender, medicine, and race in Mexico and beyond. Elizabeth O’Brien has unearthed a wealth of original and exciting material that offers nuanced and compelling insight into the making of modern obstetrics."—Nora Jaffary, author of Reproduction and Its Discontents in Mexico: Childbirth and Contraception in Mexico, 1750–1905
"Exhaustively researched and analytically sharp, Elizabeth O’Brien’s exemplary scholarship demonstrates just how crucial the history of Mexican and Latin American surgical intervention is to our understanding of obstetric and gynecological violence. A brilliant, cogently argued book with immense contemporary relevance."—Karin Rosemblatt, author of The Science and Politics of Race in Mexico and the United States, 1910–1950
"Surgery and Salvation is a historical masterpiece that demonstrates the perilous reach and staying power of medical racism in reproductive medicine and will certainly resonate with those of us interested in dismantling it."—Deirdre Cooper Owens, author of Medical Bondage: Race, Gender, and the Origins of American Gynecology